How should students review lectures and readings?
Review within a day, test yourself instead of re-reading, and spread the review out. A practical routine: the evening after each class, turn the lecture or reading into notes and flashcards, then spend 15–20 minutes a day on the cards that are due across all your courses. Spreading study across days produces better long-term retention than cramming the same hours together (Cepeda et al., 2006), and by exam time most of your review material already exists.
For material that needs reasoning rather than recall, such as problem sets, proofs, or essay questions, use practice questions and past exams alongside flashcards.