1:04:06
Mengenal P&ID Lebih Dekat Bersama Process Engineer Pertamina Upstream Zona 9
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Overview
This video provides an in-depth look at Process and Instrumentation Diagrams (P&IDs) with process engineers from Pertamina Upstream Zona 9. It begins by explaining the fundamental importance of understanding process engineering before designing P&IDs, using the analogy of making coffee. The session then introduces Process Flow Diagrams (PFDs) as conceptual designs, detailing their components and purpose. The core of the video focuses on P&IDs, explaining their role in detailed engineering, their key elements like equipment symbols, piping, instrumentation, and control loops (process control, alarm, shutdown, safety systems). The presenters also cover how to access and interpret these drawings using a Document Management System (DMS), emphasizing the importance of understanding drawing conventions, numbering systems, and revision history for accurate field application and modifications.
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Chapters
- Process engineering is crucial for designing production facilities that meet standards and safety requirements.
- Processes involve transforming raw materials through various stages to produce desired products and by-products.
- Hydrocarbon production from wells undergoes separation processes (gas-liquid, oil-gas) to meet buyer specifications.
- Complex facilities involve interconnected processes, visualized initially in Process Flow Diagrams (PFDs).
Understanding the 'why' behind processes helps in designing and interpreting diagrams that ensure safe and efficient production of oil and gas.
Making coffee involves processes like grinding beans, extraction, and mixing with sugar and creamer, analogous to separating gas and oil from well fluids.
- PFDs are created during the conceptual design phase to outline the overall process flow.
- They show the direction of flow, main process units (like separators, pumps), and interconnections.
- PFDs often include essential operating conditions such as pressure, temperature, and flow rates for different streams.
- A table typically accompanies the PFD to detail stream properties and operating conditions.
PFDs provide a high-level overview of a process, serving as the foundation for more detailed engineering designs like P&IDs.
A PFD showing red arrows for main fluid flow, blue boxes for process units (separator, pump), and brown arrows for interconnections, with a table detailing stream names and operating conditions.
- P&IDs are detailed engineering documents that elaborate on PFDs, showing specific equipment, piping, and instrumentation.
- They specify pipe sizes, types, and the nature of fluids (gas, oil, water) flowing through them.
- P&IDs illustrate control loops, including transmitters, controllers, and control valves, to manage process variables.
- They also depict alarm systems, shutdown systems, and safety relief systems for operational safety.
P&IDs are essential for understanding the precise layout, operation, and safety mechanisms of a production facility, guiding construction, operation, and maintenance.
A P&ID showing a level transmitter sending a signal to a controller, which then instructs a control valve to adjust fluid level in a vessel.
- Learning to read P&IDs involves understanding standard symbols, typically found in a legend document.
- Key equipment like vessels, pumps, and compressors are represented by specific symbols.
- Control loops are classified into process control (e.g., level control), alarm systems, shutdown systems, and safety relief systems.
- Safety systems, like Pressure Safety Valves (PSVs), protect equipment from overpressure by venting excess fluid.
Familiarity with P&ID symbols and systems is critical for engineers and field personnel to accurately interpret operational status and safety protocols.
Identifying symbols for a vessel (like 'V' or 'T'), a pump ('P'), and understanding how a level transmitter, controller, and control valve form a level control loop.
- Pertamina Zona 9 uses a web-based Document Management System (DMS) to store and access all engineering drawings.
- Drawings can be accessed via a specific portal, requiring network connection or VPN access.
- The DMS allows searching for drawings by area, facility type, document type (P&ID, mechanical, civil), and keywords.
- Understanding drawing numbering conventions and revision history is crucial for identifying the correct and latest version.
A centralized DMS ensures that all personnel have access to the most current and accurate engineering documentation, preventing errors and improving efficiency.
Searching the DMS for a P&ID by entering its document number (e.g., '3926') or keywords like 'RV 2310' to find specific equipment drawings.
- Drawing continuity ensures that the flow of information between different drawings is logical and traceable.
- Revision numbers (e.g., 'Rev 17') indicate the number of times a drawing has been updated.
- Changes on drawings are typically marked with revision clouds and symbols to highlight modifications.
- The 'As-Built' (AS-BUILT) drawing represents the final condition of the facility as constructed, reflecting all field changes.
Proper management of drawing revisions and continuity is vital for reflecting the actual state of the facility, ensuring safety and facilitating future modifications or troubleshooting.
Noticing a revision cloud on a P&ID marked with 'Rev 17' indicates a change made during the 17th revision, which needs to be understood in context.
- P&IDs are the primary reference for construction, modification, and operational understanding of a plant.
- For field modifications, it's essential to consult the latest 'As-Built' P&IDs and isometric drawings.
- Any proposed modification requires a risk assessment, potentially including a HAZOP study for significant changes.
- The process for revising P&IDs involves formal change management procedures to ensure accuracy and safety.
Accurate and up-to-date P&IDs are critical for safe execution of field work, preventing operational errors, and ensuring compliance with safety and design standards.
Using a P&ID and its corresponding isometric drawing to plan the modification of a piping line, ensuring all connections and dimensions are correctly understood.
Key takeaways
- P&IDs are detailed blueprints essential for understanding and managing complex industrial processes.
- Understanding P&ID symbols and control systems is fundamental for safe plant operation and maintenance.
- Process Flow Diagrams (PFDs) provide a high-level overview, while P&IDs offer detailed engineering information.
- A centralized Document Management System (DMS) is crucial for accessing the latest and most accurate engineering drawings.
- Drawing continuity and revision management are vital for reflecting the actual state of a facility and ensuring safe modifications.
- Field personnel must always refer to the latest 'As-Built' drawings for any construction or modification work.
- Formal change management procedures, including risk assessments, are necessary for revising P&IDs and implementing modifications.
Key terms
P&ID (Process and Instrumentation Diagram)PFD (Process Flow Diagram)Process EngineeringControl LoopInstrumentasiSafety Relief Valve (PSV)As-Built DrawingDocument Management System (DMS)Revision CloudHAZOP (Hazard and Operability Study)
Test your understanding
- What is the primary difference in detail and purpose between a PFD and a P&ID?
- How do control loops depicted on a P&ID contribute to the safe operation of a plant?
- Why is it important to understand drawing numbering conventions and revision history when accessing engineering documents?
- What is the role of an 'As-Built' drawing, and how does it differ from an initial design P&ID?
- Describe the typical steps involved in revising a P&ID due to a proposed plant modification.