The 10 Most Costly NEET Errors in HP-07

Error 1 — ADH synthesis site: Students select "posterior pituitary." Correct: hypothalamus. Rule: posterior pituitary = storage; hypothalamus = factory.

Error 2 — Acromegaly vs gigantism: Students see "GH excess" and select gigantism without checking adult/child context. Rule: age + growth plate fusion determines which condition.

Error 3 — Calcitonin effect reversal: Students think calcitonin raises calcium (because the name sounds like "calcium action"). Rule: calcitonin TONES calcium DOWN.

Error 4 — PTH source confusion: Students attribute PTH to the thyroid. Rule: PTH = parathyroid glands (separate from thyroid). Calcitonin = thyroid C-cells.

Error 5 — Diabetes types conflation: Students confuse DI and DM. Rule: DI = water problem (ADH), normal glucose; DM = glucose problem (insulin), elevated glucose.

Error 6 — Goitre always means hyperthyroid: Rule: simple goitre = hypothyroid + enlarged gland. Check the hormonal profile, not the gland size.

Error 7 — Skin darkening in Cushing's: Hyperpigmentation = Addison's, not Cushing's. In Addison's, excess ACTH has MSH-like effect → melanin↑. In Cushing's, excess cortisol suppresses ACTH.

Error 8 — T4 more active than T3: Rule: T3 is 3–5× more potent. T4 is a prohormone. More iodine atoms ≠ more active.

Error 9 — Prolactin = standard releasing hormone control: Rule: prolactin is tonically inhibited by dopamine (PIF). Loss of inhibition → prolactin rises. Unique among anterior pituitary hormones.

Error 10 — Steroid hormones need second messengers: Rule: steroid hormones are lipid-soluble; they cross the membrane and act via intracellular receptors. Only peptide hormones need cAMP.