Core formula: integral [f(x) + f'(x)] dx = * f(x) + C
Proof: d/dx[*f(x)] = *f(x) + *f'(x) = [f+f']. So integrating gives *f(x).
Recognition strategy: When seeing *(expression), try to split the expression into f + f' for some function f.
Common instances:
- (sin x + cos x) = [sin x + (sin x)'] => sin x + C
- (1/x - 1/) = [ + '] => /x + C
- (x+1) = [x + x'] => + C
- (tan x + x) = [tan x + (tan x)'] => tan x + C
- (arctan x + ) = [arctan x + (arctan x)'] => arctan x + C
Generalization: integral e^(ax)[af(x) + f'(x)] dx = e^(ax)*f(x) + C.
Exponential-trig integrals:
- integral e^(ax)sin(bx) dx = e^(ax)(asin(bx)-bcos(bx))/(a^{2+b}^2) + C
- integral e^(ax)cos(bx) dx = e^(ax)(acos(bx)+bsin(bx))/(a^{2+b}^2) + C