- AP: a_n = a+(n-1)d -- use (n-1), not n
- GP: a_n = ar^(n-1), S = a(r^n-1)/(r-1)
- Infinite GP: S = a/(1-r), converges only if |r|<1
- sum(k) = n(n+1)/2
- sum(k^2) = n(n+1)(2n+1)/6
- sum(k^3) = [n(n+1)/2]^2 = [sum(k)]^2
- AM >= GM >= HM; equality iff all equal
- AM*HM = GM^2 for two positive numbers
- 1/(k(k+1)) = 1/k - 1/(k+1) -- telescoping
- AGP: use S-rS technique
- Three in AP: assume a-d, a, a+d (sum = 3a)
- Three in GP: assume a/r, a, ar (product = a^3)
- HP: convert to AP of reciprocals, no direct sum
- S_n = An^2+Bn => AP with d = 2A (no constant term!)
- a_n = S_n - S_(n-1) for n>=2; check a_1 = S_1
- k*k! = (k+1)!-k! -- telescoping identity
- Rationalize: 1/(sqrt(k)+sqrt(k+1)) = sqrt(k+1)-sqrt(k)
- x + k/x >= 2*sqrt(k) for x>0 (AM-GM)
- log converts GP to AP; exponential converts AP to GP
- Sum of first n odd numbers = n^2
Part of ALG-03 — Sequences & Series (AP, GP, Special Series)
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