Practical Organic Chemistry: 5-Bullet Rapid Revision

Lassaigne's trap: N + S together → NaSCN → FeCl3 gives BLOOD-RED (not Prussian blue); N alone → Prussian blue.
Silver halides: AgCl white/NH3-soluble → AgBr pale yellow/partial → AgI yellow/insoluble; boil with HNO3 before AgNO3 test if N or S present.
KMnO4 titration: 5C2O42- + 2MnO4- + 16H+ → 10CO2 + 2Mn2+ + 8H2O; self-indicating, no indicator, 60–70 °C, first persistent pink = endpoint.
Functional groups: Tollens' = aldehyde; Fehling's = aliphatic aldehyde only (not benzaldehyde); iodoform = methyl ketone only; carbylamine = primary amine only; FeCl3 = phenol.
Preparations: Acetanilide (CC(=O)Nc1ccccc1) from aniline + acetic anhydride; p-nitroacetanilide from acetanilide + HNO3/H2SO4 (para major, steric preference); iodoform (C(I)(I)I) from acetone + I2/NaOH.