Part of JMAG-03 — Alternating Current: LCR, Resonance & Transformers

Parallel AC Circuits

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In parallel AC circuits, voltage is common and currents add as phasors. For parallel LCR: total current I = sqrt(IR2I_R^2 + (ILI_L - ICI_C)^2), where IRI_R = VR\frac{V}{R}, ILI_L = VXL\frac{V}{X_L}, ICI_C = VXC\frac{V}{X_C}. The admittance Y = 1/Z. At resonance in a parallel LC circuit (anti-resonance): ILI_L = ICI_C, total current is minimum (ideally zero for pure L and C), and impedance is maximum. This is the opposite of series resonance (where Z is minimum). Resonant frequency: same formula omega0omega_0 = 1/sqrt(LC). A parallel LC circuit at resonance acts as a band-stop filter (rejects the resonant frequency). In practice, the inductor has resistance r: at resonance, Z = LCr\frac{L}{Cr} (dynamic impedance), and the circuit draws a small current V*Cr/L. Parallel resonant circuits are used in oscillators and frequency-selective networks.

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