Part of EXP-01 — Experimental Skills & Laboratory Physics

Overview (~200 words, 10 sentences)

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EXP-01 covers 18 NEET-relevant experiments spanning measurement, mechanics, waves, thermal physics, electricity, optics, and electronics. The Vernier caliper (LC = 0.02 mm) and screw gauge (LC = 0.01 mm) are the primary measurement instruments, with zero error correction following the rule Positive→Subtract, Negative→Add. The simple pendulum's T2T^{2} vs l graph has slope 4π^{2}/g and must use effective length (string + bob radius). The resonance tube experiment measures speed of sound using v = 2f(l2l_{2}l1l_{1}), which automatically eliminates the end correction that biases the single-resonance formula. The metre bridge uses the Wheatstone principle R/S = l100l\frac{l}{100 − l} to find unknown resistance; interchanging R and S shifts the balance to l' = 100 − l. Young's modulus, surface tension, and viscosity are found from Searle's apparatus, capillary rise, and Stokes' terminal velocity experiments respectively. All optics experiments obey Cartesian sign convention: concave mirror and concave lens have negative focal lengths; convex mirror and convex lens have positive focal lengths. The prism experiment gives refractive index μ = sin(A+δmin2\frac{(A+δ_min}{2})/sinA2\frac{A}{2} at the U-curve minimum where i = e. Semiconductor experiments distinguish Si (VthV_{th} = 0.7 V) from Ge (VthV_{th} = 0.3 V) diodes, with the Zener diode providing voltage regulation in reverse bias at VZV_Z. Mastery of formulas, error corrections, and graph slopes in these 18 experiments secures 1–2 reliable marks in NEET 2026.

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