Part of JME-06 — Circular Motion & Centripetal Force

Non-Uniform Circular Motion

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When speed changes along the circular path, two perpendicular accelerations exist:

Centripetal (radial): aca_c = v2v^2/r, always toward the centre. Tangential: ata_t = dvdt\frac{dv}{dt}, along the direction of motion (or opposite if decelerating).

Net acceleration: a = sqrt(ac2a_c^2 + at2a_t^2), at angle phi = arctanatac\frac{a_t}{a_c} from the radius.

Angular kinematics (constant alpha): omega = omega0omega_0 + alphat theta = omega0omega_0t + 12\frac{1}{2}alphat2t^2 omega2omega^2 = omega02omega_0^2 + 2alphatheta

Key point: The net force is NOT directed toward the centre in non-uniform circular motion. Only the radial component is centripetal.

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