When a sequence's general term isn't obvious, compute differences. If first differences =- form an AP, the sequence is quadratic: =. If differences form a GP, sum the geometric series. For partial sums: if is given, then =S_{n-S}_{n-1} (for n>=2, with =). This recovers the general term from the partial sum formula. The method of differences also helps identify the general term of sequences like 2,5,10,17,26,...: differences are 3,5,7,9,...(AP with d=2), so is quadratic. Using three values: =.
Part of ALG-10 — Mathematical Induction & Summation
Method of Differences
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