: 180
(T2) = (T1) + (T2 - T1). = sum(Cp products) - sum(Cp reactants). This relates reaction enthalpy at different temperatures. Similarly: (T2) = (T1) + (T2 - T1). Physical meaning: if > 0 (products have higher heat capacity), the reaction becomes more endothermic (or less exothermic) with increasing temperature. If < 0, the reaction becomes more exothermic with increasing temperature. If = 0, enthalpy is temperature-independent. Application: calculating at non-standard temperatures when standard data is given at 298 K. The equation assumes Cp is constant over the temperature range (valid for small ). For large ranges, integration with Cp as a function of T is needed (rarely required for JEE). Also applies to entropy: (T2) = (T1) + ln.