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Part of PC-10 — Surface Chemistry

Key Points Summary

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  • Adsorption = surface; Absorption = bulk; Sorption = both
  • Physisorption: 20–40 kJ/mol, van der Waals, reversible, multilayer, decreases with T
  • Chemisorption: 80–240 kJ/mol, chemical bond, irreversible, monolayer, first increases then decreases with T
  • Freundlich: x/m = kP^(1/n), 0 < 1/n < 1; log-log plot: slope = 1/n, intercept = log k
  • Colloids: 1–1000 nm; Tyndall effect = light scattering; Brownian = molecular bombardment
  • Hardy-Schulze: higher valency of opposite-charge ion = greater coagulating power
  • Gold number: lower = better protective colloid; Gelatin (0.005) > Albumin (0.1) > Starch (25)
  • Emulsions: O/W (milk, water-dilutable) vs. W/O (butter, oil-dilutable)
  • Haber = Fe catalyst; Contact = V2O5V_{2}O_{5} catalyst
  • CO + H2H_{2}: ZnO-Cr2O3Cr_{2}O_{3} → CH3OHCH_{3}OH; Cu → HCHO; Ni → CH4CH_{4}

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