Part of CALC-02 — Methods of Differentiation

Essential Formulas for Differentiation

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Basic Rules:

  • d/dx(xnx^n) = nx^(n-1), d/dx(c) = 0
  • (fg)' = f'g + fg', fg\frac{f}{g}' = fgfgg\frac{f'g-fg'}{g}^2
  • d/dx[f(g(x))] = f'(g(x))*g'(x)

Trigonometric: sin->cos, cos->-sin, tan->sec2sec^2, cot->-cosec2cosec^2, sec->sectan, cosec->-coseccot

Inverse Trig: sin^(-1)->1/sqrt(1-x2x^2), cos^(-1)->-1/sqrt(1-x2x^2), tan^(-1)->11+x2\frac{1}{1+x^2}, cot^(-1)->-11+x2\frac{1}{1+x^2}

Exponential/Log: exe^{x-}>exe^x, axa^{x-}>axa^x*ln a, ln x->1/x, logalog_a x->1xlna\frac{1}{x*ln a}

Key Simplifications (substitute x = tan t):

  • tan^(-1)(2x1x2\frac{x}{1-x^2}) = 2tan^(-1)(x)
  • sin^(-1)(2x1+x2\frac{x}{1+x^2}) = 2tan^(-1)(x)
  • cos^(-1)(1x2(1+x2)\frac{(1-x^2}{(1+x^2)}) = 2tan^(-1)(x)

Key Simplifications (substitute x = sin t):

  • sin^(-1)(2x*sqrt(1-x2x^2)) = 2sin^(-1)(x)
  • sin^(-1)(3x-4x3x^3) = 3sin^(-1)(x)

Parametric: dy/dx = dy/dt(dx/dt)\frac{dy/dt}{(dx/dt)}, d2yd^{2y}/dx2dx^2 = [d/dtdydx\frac{dy}{dx}]/dxdt\frac{dx}{dt}

Logarithmic: For y = fgf^g: dy/dx = fgf^g * [g'ln f + gf'/f]

Leibniz: (uv)^(n) = sum C(n,r)*u^(n-r)*v^(r)

nth derivatives: (eaxe^{ax})^(n) = ana^n*e^(ax), (sin(ax+b))^(n) = ana^nsin(ax+b+npi/2)

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