Part of PC-08 — Chemical Kinetics

Chemical Kinetics — 5 Must-Know Facts

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  1. First-order half-life: t1/2=0.693/kt_{1/2} = 0.693/k — independent of initial concentration; 75% completion =2×t1/2= 2 \times t_{1/2}; 87.5% =3×t1/2= 3 \times t_{1/2}.

  2. Arrhenius two-temperature form: log(k2/k1)=(Ea/2.303R)(1/T11/T2)\log(k_2/k_1) = (E_a/2.303R)(1/T_1 - 1/T_2) — always use Kelvin; slope of lnk\ln k vs 1/T1/T =Ea/R= -E_a/R.

  3. Order vs Molecularity: Order is experimental (can be 0, fractional, integer); molecularity is theoretical (positive integer 1/2/3 only; never 0 or fractional).

  4. Catalyst effect: Lowers EaE_a only — does not change ΔH\Delta H, equilibrium constant KK, or reaction enthalpy.

  5. Units of kk: Zero order =molL1s1= mol\,L^{-1}\,s^{-1}; First order =s1= s^{-1}; Second order =Lmol1s1= L\,mol^{-1}\,s^{-1}; General: (molL1)1ns1(mol\,L^{-1})^{1-n}\,s^{-1}.

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