Part of OC-07 — Carboxylic Acids

Carboxylic Acids: Named Reactions, Reagents, and pKa Data

by Notetube Officialkey_points summary300 words10 views

Named Reactions Quick Reference

ReactionReagentProductKey Point
HVZX2/Red Palpha-halocarboxylic acidNeeds alpha-H; not for HCOOH/ArCOOH
Fischer esterificationR'OH/H2SO4RCOOR' + H2OReversible; K ≈ 1
SaponificationNaOH/H2ORCOONa + R'OHIrreversible; gives salt
DecarboxylationNaOH+CaO/heatR–H + Na2CO3Removes –COOH; loses 1 C
Kolbe electrolysisElectrolysis of RCOO–R–R + CO2Anode; symmetrical alkane
Grignard carboxylationRMgX + CO2RCOOHAnhydrous; adds 1 C
LiAlH4 reductionLiAlH4/dry etherRCH2OHNaBH4 fails
SOCl2 acyl chlorideSOCl2RCOCl + SO2 + HClGaseous byproducts = clean
PCl5 acyl chloridePCl5RCOCl + POCl3 + HClLiquid POCl3 = messy
Nitrile hydrolysisH3O+/refluxRCOOH + NH4+Acid conditions

Key pKa Data

CompoundSMILESpKa
Trichloroacetic acid (Cl3CCOOH)OC(=O)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl0.65
Dichloroacetic acid (Cl2CHCOOH)OC(=O)C(Cl)Cl1.26
Monochloroacetic acid (ClCH2COOH)OC(=O)CCl2.87
Formic acid (HCOOH)OC=O3.75
Acetic acid (CH3COOH)CC(=O)O4.76
Trimethylacetic acid ((CH3)3CCOOH)5.05
Phenol~10
Water15.7
Ethanol~16
Terminal alkyne~25

Want to generate AI summaries of your own documents? NoteTube turns PDFs, videos, and articles into study-ready summaries.

Sign up free to create your own