| Year | Scientist | Discovery/Contribution |
|---|---|---|
| 1820 | Hans Christian Ørsted | Electric current produces magnetic field (connection between E and B) |
| 1821 | Michael Faraday | First demonstration of electromagnetic rotation (precursor to motor) |
| 1831 | Michael Faraday | Discovery of electromagnetic induction; formulated first and second laws |
| 1831 | Joseph Henry | Independent discovery of electromagnetic induction; also discovered self-inductance |
| 1834 | Heinrich Lenz | Formulated Lenz's law (direction of induced current) |
| 1845 | Michael Faraday | Discovered diamagnetism; visualized field lines |
| 1865 | James Clerk Maxwell | Unified E and B in four equations; predicted electromagnetic waves |
| 1886 | Nikola Tesla | Invented AC induction motor; championed AC power transmission |
| 1888 | Nikola Tesla | Developed polyphase AC system; foundation of modern power grid |
| 1888 | Heinrich Hertz | Experimentally confirmed existence of electromagnetic waves |
| 1890s | Tesla & Westinghouse | "War of currents" — AC (Tesla) vs DC (Edison); AC won for transmission |
NEET relevance: Faraday (1831) = laws of induction; Lenz (1834) = direction; Henry = self-inductance unit. These names appear in question framing.