Mermaid Flowchart: Action Potential Sequence
Ion Movements Summary Table
| Phase | Ion Moving | Direction | Effect |
|---|---|---|---|
| Resting (-70 mV) | K+ (via leak channels) | OUT | Maintains negative inside |
| Depolarization | Na+ (voltage-gated) | IN | +70 mV swing → peak +30 mV |
| Repolarization | K+ (voltage-gated) | OUT | Restores negative potential |
| Hyperpolarization | K+ (still open) | OUT | Overshoots below -70 mV |
| Recovery | Na+ (pump: 3 out), K+ (pump: 2 in) | Pump restores | Returns to exact resting state |
Myelinated vs Unmyelinated Conduction
Key Values to Memorise
- Resting potential: -70 mV
- Peak of AP (depolarization): +30 mV
- K+ equilibrium potential: -90 mV (nearest to resting potential)
- Na+ equilibrium potential: +62 mV
- Synaptic cleft width: 20 nm