Series combination: 1/$C_{eq}$ = 1/C1 + 1/C2 + ... + 1/$C_n$. All capacitors have the same charge Q. Voltages add: V = V1 + V2 + ... Result: $C_{eq}$ is less than the smallest individual C. For two in series: $C_{eq}$ = C1*$\frac{C2}{C1+C2}$. Parallel combination: $C_{eq}$ = C1 + C2 + ... + $C_n$. All have the same voltage V. Charges add: Q = Q1 + Q2 + ... Result: $C_{eq}$ is greater than the largest individual C. Mnemonic: capacitor formulas are "opposite" to resistor formulas — series capacitors combine like parallel resistors and vice versa. Complex networks require identifying series and parallel groups, or using Kirchhoff's laws for charge conservation and voltage loop equations.