Part of JPC-06 — Chemical Kinetics: Rate Laws & Arrhenius Equation

Second Order Reactions

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Two cases: (a) Rate = k[A]^2 (single reactant): Integrated: 1/[A] = 1/[A]_0 + kt. Plot: 1/[A] vs t is linear with slope = +k. Half-life: t1t_1/2 = 1k[A]0\frac{1}{k[A]_0} — inversely proportional to initial concentration. (b) Rate = k[A][B] (two reactants, equal initial concentrations): same integrated form. For unequal concentrations: k = (2.303t(ab\frac{2.303}{t(a-b}))log((b(a-x))/(a(b-x))), where a = [A]_0, b = [B]_0, x = amount reacted. Second order reactions: t1t_1/2 doubles when initial concentration is halved. This dependence of t1t_1/2 on [A]_0 distinguishes second order from first order.

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