Protein Secretory Pathway (Endomembrane System)

Notes:

• Endomembrane system = functional unit: ER + Golgi + Lysosomes + Vacuoles + Plasma membrane vesicles
• Mitochondria and chloroplasts are NOT part of this system
• Golgi is the "post office" — receives, sorts, modifies, and dispatches proteins
• Cis face (forming face) = entry from ER; Trans face (maturing face) = exit to destinations
• Mnemonic: "Every Girl Loves Vacations" = ER → Golgi → Lysosomes → Vacuoles

NEET Trap:

The Golgi apparatus forms the cell plate during plant cell division (not the ER or mitochondria).