Master Mnemonic Collection for BIO-01

1. Disease-Pathogen: "Silly People May Eat Anything Willingly"

• Salmonella → Typhoid
• Plasmodium → Malaria
• My Rhinovirus → Common cold (or "R" for Rhinovirus)
• Entamoeba → Amoebiasis
• Ascaris → Ascariasis
• Wuchereria → Filariasis

2. Vector ACE Rule: "ACE your vectors!"

• Anopheles → Ague (malaria)
• Culex → Chronic swelling $\frac{filariasis}{elephantiasis}$
• Aedes → Acute dengue Culex buzzes for filariasis; Anopheles bites at night for malaria.

3. Immunoglobulins: "ADGME" or "A Determined Granny Made Effort"

• A = IgA (secretory, colostrum)
• D = IgD (B-cell surface receptor)
• G = IgG (most abundant, crosses placenta) ← G for Gate (placenta)
• M = IgM (first produced, pentamer)
• E = IgE (allergy, least abundant)

4. Active vs Passive: "ACTS vs PASS"

• Active: Antibodies made by YOU, Cells remember (memory), Time needed (slow onset), Strong and lasting
• Passive: Preformed antibodies, Already made, Short-lived, Swift (immediate)

5. Drug-Plant Sources: "PaperCoca-Cannabis"

• Paper → Papaver somniferum → Heroin (paper from poppy)
• Coca → Erythroxylum coca → Cocaine
• Cannabis sativa → Cannabinoids

6. Four Innate Barriers: "Please Preserve Cell Cytokines"

• Physical (skin, mucous membranes)
• Physiological (stomach acid, lysozyme)
• Cellular (NK cells, macrophages, neutrophils)
• Cytokine (Interferons)

7. Tumor Suppressors: "p53 — p for PAUSE cancer; Rb — R for RESTRICT cell cycle"

• p53 = pauses cell cycle, triggers apoptosis in damaged cells
• Rb = restricts S-phase entry (brakes on cell cycle)
• Both MUTATED/LOST in cancer → no brakes → uncontrolled division

8. HIV Mechanism: "Retro RACE"

• Retrovirus
• Reverse transcriptase (RNA → DNA)
• Attacks CD4+ T-helper cells (Adaptive helper cells)
• CD4+ destruction → AIDS
• ELISA = screening test

9. Malaria Hosts: "DEMI rule"

• Definitive host = Mosquito (sexual reproduction)
• Intermediate host = Human (asexual only) (The host you EXPECT to be "main" — humans — is actually intermediate.)

10. IgE Allergy Sequence: "AAA-Mast-Hist"

• Allergen → Antigens → Antibody (IgE) formed → IgE arms Mast cells → Next exposure → Histamine released → Allergy symptoms