All Mnemonics for Digestion & Absorption

1. Order of Digestive Organs (from source file): "My Parents Eat Out So Surely I Luckily Recline"

• Mouth → Pharynx → Esophagus → Ostomach → Small intestine → Secum (Caecum) → Ilarge intestine → LRectum → Anus

2. Pancreatic Juice Enzymes (from source file): "Try Chewing Large Almond Nuts Enthusiastically"

• Trypsinogen → Chymotrypsinogen → Lipase → Amylase → Nucleases → Elastase (proelastase)

3. Kwashiorkor vs Marasmus (from source file):

• "Kwashiorkor = Kids with Kwollen bellies" (oedema, protein lack)
• "Marasmus = Muscle Melting away" (total starvation, wasting)

4. NEW: Four GI Hormones — Source Cell + Location: "Good Students Increase Knowledge"

• Gastrin (G-cells, pyloric stomach) → Gastric acid
• Secretin (S-cells, duodenum) → bicarbonate
• I-cells/CCK (I-cells, duodenum) → bile + enzymes
• K-cells/GIP (K-cells, duodenum) → Gastric inhibition + Insulin

5. NEW: HCl Three Functions — "BAPtism"

• Bacteria — kills ingested bacteria
• Activates — pepsinogen → pepsin
• PH — maintains pH 1.5–2.0 for pepsin

6. NEW: Brush Border Disaccharidases — "MaLSu" (Malted Sugar)

• Maltase → Maltose → 2 Glucose
• Lactase → Lactose → Glucose + Galactose
• Sucrase → Sucrose → Glucose + Fructose

7. NEW: Fat Absorption Route — "FLATS"

• Fatty acids + glycerol →
• Lacteals →
• Anterior lymph vessels →
• Thoracic duct →
• Subclavian vein → bloodstream (bypass liver)

8. NEW: Proenzyme Activation Order — "Enter Trypsin Calls Elastic Carboxylates"

• Enterokinase activates Trypsinogen → Trypsin
• Trypsin activates → Chymotrypsinogen, Elastic (proelastase), Carboxypeptidase (procarboxypeptidase)

9. NEW: Bile is NOT an Enzyme — "BEST Rule"

• Bile = Emulsifier, Surfactant, Tension-reducer (NOT an enzyme)
• Lipase does the actual fat CUT-ting; bile just breaks it into SMALLER pieces for lipase

10. NEW: Fat-Soluble Vitamins (absorbed with fats via lacteals) — "ADEK"

• A, D, E, K — all four are fat-soluble, all absorbed via lacteals
• If bile is blocked → ADEK deficiency (blindness, rickets, neuropathy, bleeding)

11. NEW: Large Intestine Functions — "WASH"

• Water absorption
• Absorbs minerals (Absorbs minerals — keep S)
• Symbiotic bacteria synthesize vitamins B + K
• Houses bacteria, forms + expels faeces