| # | Common Misconception | Correct Concept |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | "Endosperm is diploid (2n)" | Endosperm is TRIPLOID (3n) — formed by triple fusion |
| 2 | "Geitonogamy increases genetic variation" | Geitonogamy = zero genetic variation (same genotype) |
| 3 | "Double fertilization needs 2 pollen grains" | Only 1 pollen grain needed — generative cell divides into 2 sperm |
| 4 | "The embryo sac has 8 cells" | Embryo sac has 7 CELLS and 8 NUCLEI |
| 5 | "Antipodals guide pollen tube" | SYNERGIDS (with filiform apparatus) guide pollen tube; antipodals are nutritive |
| 6 | "Sporopollenin is in the intine" | Sporopollenin is in the EXINE (outer layer) |
| 7 | "Germ pores are pores in the intine" | Germ pores are thin regions of the EXINE (where sporopollenin is absent) |
| 8 | "Ovule becomes fruit after fertilization" | Ovule → SEED; OVARY → fruit |
| 9 | "Apomixis produces seedless fruits" | Apomixis = seeds WITHOUT fertilization; PARTHENOCARPY = seedless fruits |
| 10 | "Cleistogamy is an outbreeding device" | Cleistogamy = INBREEDING (obligate autogamy) |
| 11 | "Polar nuclei are diploid (2n)" | Polar nuclei are haploid (n each) BEFORE triple fusion |
| 12 | "The seed coat is triploid" | Seed coat = DIPLOID (2n) — from maternal integuments |
| 13 | "Self-incompatibility means the flower has no stamens" | Self-incompatibility means the pistil REJECTS genetically identical pollen |
| 14 | "Dichogamy means unisexual flowers" | Dichogamy = anthers and pistils mature at DIFFERENT TIMES in the same bisexual flower |
| 15 | "All pollination agents produce cross-pollination" | Only xenogamy is true cross-pollination genetically; geitonogamy is self-pollination genetically |
| 16 | "The pollen tube is formed by the exine" | Pollen tube is formed by the INTINE growing through the germ pore |
| 17 | "Chasmogamous and cleistogamous flowers don't occur on the same plant" | Commelina has BOTH types on the same plant |
| 18 | "Synergids degenerate before fertilization" | One synergid degenerates WHEN the pollen tube enters; the other degenerates AFTER fertilization |
Part of REP-01 — Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants
Misconceptions — 15+ Common Wrong Beliefs
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