Central Concept: Plant Growth & Development

                        PLANT GROWTH & DEVELOPMENT
                                    │
              ┌─────────────────────┼─────────────────────┐
              │                     │                     │
         GROWTH TYPES          DIFFERENTIATION       PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
              │                     │                          │
     ┌────────┴────────┐    ┌───────┴──────┐         ┌────────┴─────────┐
     │                 │    │              │          │                   │
Arithmetic          Geometric Differentiation    PROMOTERS          INHIBITORS
Lt=$L_{0}$+rt         $W_{1}$=$W_{0}$eʳᵗ  │              │          │                   │
  │                  │    Dedifferenti- Redifferen-  A  G  C           ABA
One                Both     -ation      -tiation     │  │  │          (stress)
daughter          divide   Parenchyma→ Cambium→      │  │  │
divides                     Cambium    2°xylem     Auxin GA Cytokinin
  │                                               │   │    │
Sigmoid Curve                              Apical Bolting Cell
  │                                        dom.  Alpha-   division
  ├── Lag phase                                   amylase  Richmond
  ├── Log phase (max AGR at inflection)     │              Lang
  └── Stationary phase                   Ethylene (BOTH)
                                           │
                                    Ripening/Triple
                                    Response/Feminization
              │
    ┌─────────┴──────────┐
    │                    │
PHOTOPERIODISM       VERNALIZATION
    │                    │
    ├── SDP             Cold (0-5°C)
    │   (Rice,         Winter wheat,
    │   Chrysanth.)    Carrot
    ├── LDP            FLC silenced
    │   (Wheat,        (epigenetic)
    │   Spinach)       GA promotes
    └── DNP            bolting
        (Tomato,
        Cucumber)
        │
    Phytochrome
    Pr (inactive) ↔ Pfr (active)