Part of PC-05 — Solutions & Colligative Properties

Mind Map — PC-05 Solutions Concept Web

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                        SOLUTIONS & COLLIGATIVE PROPERTIES
                                      |
          ┌───────────────────────────┼───────────────────────────┐
          |                           |                           |
    SOLUTION TYPES            LAWS & PRINCIPLES           COLLIGATIVE PROPERTIES
          |                           |                           |
    ┌─────┴─────┐              ┌──────┴──────┐          ┌────────┴────────┐
  Ideal     Non-Ideal       Henry's      Raoult's    4 Properties    Van't Hoff
    |            |            Law          Law             |            Factor
$\Delta H$=0,$\Delta V$=0    +/- Dev       p=K_H·x    P_A=x_A·P°_A      |              |
B+T, C6+C7    |               |            |         VP, $\Delta Tb$,        i>1 (diss.)
             ↓↑           Gas        Ideal↔Non-ideal  $\Delta Tf$, π         i<1 (assoc.)
           Azeotropes   Solubility    Positive/Neg           |              |
              |              |        Deviation        Formulas        Degree α
         Min.boil  Max.boil  |                              |              |
         EtOH+$H_{2}O$ $CHCl_{3}$+Ac K_H↑→x↓                  iKbm, iKfm    1+(n-1)α
                           with T                     iCRT           1-α/2

Central Rule: ALL colligative properties depend on the number of particles → connect through i (van't Hoff factor).

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