Part of JINC-02 — d-Block & f-Block Elements

Melting Points, Boiling Points, and Metallic Bonding

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Melting points are high due to strong metallic bonding involving both s and d electrons. The trend shows a maximum in the middle of the series: Cr has the highest m.p. in the 3d series (1907°C), and W has the highest of all metals (3422°C, 5d series). Mn is the anomaly: despite being in the middle, it has an unusually low m.p. (1246°C) due to its complex crystal structure (alpha-Mn has 58 atoms per unit cell with weak metallic bonding). Zn has the lowest m.p. (420°C) because d10d^{10} electrons contribute little to metallic bonding.

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