Part of JMAG-01 — Magnetic Effects: Biot-Savart & Ampere's Law

Magnetic Field of a Current-Carrying Coil as a Dipole

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Far from a current loop (xRx \gg R), the magnetic field is identical to that of a magnetic dipole: Baxial=μ02m/(4πx3)B_{\text{axial}} = \mu_0 2m/(4\pi x^3) and Bequatorial=μ0m/(4πx3)B_{\text{equatorial}} = \mu_0 m/(4\pi x^3), where m=NIAm = NIA. The ratio Baxial/Bequatorial=2B_{\text{axial}}/B_{\text{equatorial}} = 2 (same as an electric dipole). This dipole approximation is useful for understanding the Earth's magnetic field and atomic magnetism.

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