Electric Dipole — Field Lines and Regions −q +q p (dipole moment) 2l Axial E=2kp/$r^{3}$ Equatorial E=kp/$r^{3}$, V=0

← Axial line Equatorial line ↑

Key observations from diagram:

• The dipole moment p points from −q to +q (convention)
• Axial field (along dipole axis) is twice the equatorial field at same distance r
• Potential on equatorial line = 0 everywhere
• Axial field is parallel to p; equatorial field is antiparallel to p