Part of ALG-01 — Matrices & Determinants

Inverse of a Matrix -- Methods and Checks

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Three methods to find A^(-1):

  1. Adjoint method: A^(-1) = adjAdet\frac{A}{det}(A). Best for 2x2. Tedious for 3x3 but always works.

  2. Row reduction: Augment [A | I] and row-reduce to [I | A^(-1)]. Best for 3x3 in exams.

  3. Cayley-Hamilton: Find characteristic equation, then express A^(-1) in terms of A and I. Fastest when A^(-1) is asked alongside other powers of A.

Verification: Always check at least one entry of AA^(-1) to catch arithmetic errors. For 2x2, full verification takes 30 seconds and is worth it.

When inverse does NOT exist: det(A) = 0 (singular matrix). If a problem asks "for which values of k does A^(-1) exist?" -- set det(A) != 0 and solve.

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