Part of HP-07 — Chemical Coordination & Integration (Endocrine System)

Hormone Synthesis and Action — Process Flowcharts

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Peptide Hormone Signalling Cascade

Steroid Hormone Signalling Cascade

Comparison summary:

FeaturePeptide HormonesSteroid Hormones
SolubilityWater-solubleLipid-soluble
Receptor locationCell surfaceCytoplasm/nucleus
Second messengercAMP (usually)None needed
Speed of actionSeconds–minutesHours
EffectEnzyme activationGene expression change
Blood transportDissolved freelyBound to carrier protein
ExamplesInsulin, GH, ADH, FSHCortisol, aldosterone, oestrogen

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