Fill in the Blanks

1. The most resistant biological material found in the exine of pollen is _____.
2. A mature pollen grain has _____ cells and _____ nuclei.
3. The embryo sac is _____ -celled and _____ -nucleate.
4. The egg apparatus is located at the _____ end of the embryo sac.
5. In syngamy: _____ + egg = _____ (ploidy: _____).
6. In triple fusion: sperm + _____ + _____ = PEN (ploidy: _____).
7. Double fertilization is unique to _____.
8. Geitonogamy is genetically equivalent to _____ even though ecologically it is _____.
9. After fertilization, the ovule becomes the _____ and the ovary becomes the _____.
10. The integuments develop into the _____, consisting of _____ (outer) and _____ (inner).
11. _____ is asexual seed production; _____ is seedless fruit production.
12. The three outbreeding devices are _____, _____, and _____.
13. Cleistogamous flowers are seen in _____ (species name).
14. Synergids have the _____ apparatus for guiding the pollen tube.
15. Antipodal cells are located at the _____ end and their function is _____.

Answer Key

1. Sporopollenin
2. 2 cells; 2 nuclei (vegetative + generative)
3. 7-celled; 8-nucleate
4. Micropylar
5. sperm; zygote; 2n (diploid)
6. polar nucleus 1; polar nucleus 2; 3n (triploid)
7. Angiosperms
8. self-pollination; cross-pollination
9. seed; fruit
10. seed coat; testa; tegmen
11. Apomixis; parthenocarpy
12. Self-incompatibility; dicliny; dichogamy
13. Commelina benghalensis
14. filiform
15. chalazal end; nutritive (degenerate after fertilization)