Paragraph A
The International System of Units defines (1) base quantities. These include length (measured in (2)), mass (measured in (3)), and time (measured in (4)). The dimensional formula of force is (5), and the SI unit of force is the (6), which equals (7) in base units. A quantity with the dimensional formula [M^{1}$$L^{-1}$$T^{-2}] could be (8) or (9), since both share identical dimensions — illustrating a key (10) of dimensional analysis.
Paragraph B
When calculating errors, for Z = A + B, the absolute error in Z is (11). For Z = A × B, the relative error in Z is (12). For Z = , the relative error in Z is (13). For Z = B/, the percentage error in Z is (14). The number 0.00340 has (15) significant figures, while 2.300 has (16) significant figures. A reading that consistently gives a value higher than the true value due to instrument calibration has a (17) error, which can be corrected by (18).
Answer Key
| # | Answer |
|---|---|
| 1 | 7 (seven) |
| 2 | metre (m) |
| 3 | kilogram (kg) |
| 4 | second (s) |
| 5 | [M^{1}$$L^{1}$$T^{-2}] |
| 6 | Newton (N) |
| 7 | kg m |
| 8 | Pressure |
| 9 | Stress / Young's modulus / energy density / bulk modulus |
| 10 | limitation |
| 11 | + |
| 12 | /A + /B |
| 13 | 3 × (/A) |
| 14 | 2(%A) + 1(%B) + 3(%C) |
| 15 | 3 |
| 16 | 4 |
| 17 | systematic |
| 18 | recalibration |