| Test | 1° Amine | 2° Amine | 3° Amine |
|---|---|---|---|
| HNO2 (aliphatic) | N2 gas + ROH | Yellow oil (R2N-NO) | Salt only |
| HNO2 (aromatic, 0-5°C) | Diazonium salt | Yellow oil (R2N-NO) | p-Nitroso (coloured) |
| Hinsberg | Product dissolves in NaOH | Product insoluble in NaOH | No reaction |
| Carbylamine | Foul-smelling RNC | No reaction | No reaction |
| Acylation (CH3COCl) | Gives amide | Gives amide | No reaction |
| The carbylamine test is the quickest confirmatory test for 1° amines. Hinsberg is the most systematic for all three classes. HNO2 is the most versatile and gives the most information. |
Part of JOC-06 — Amines & Diazonium Salts
Distinction Tests Summary
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