Part of JME-06 — Circular Motion & Centripetal Force

Conical Pendulum

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A mass m on a string of length L making angle theta with the vertical, tracing a horizontal circle.

Force equations:

  • Horizontal: Tsin(theta) = momega2omega^2r = momega2omega^2Lsin(theta)
  • Vertical: T*cos(theta) = mg

From horizontal: T = m*omega2omega^2L From vertical: momega2omega^2Lcos(theta) = mg => omega2omega^2 = gLcos(theta\frac{g}{L*cos(theta})

Time period: TpT_p = 2pi/omega = 2pi*sqrtLcos(thetag\frac{L*cos(theta}{g})

Tension: T = mgcos\frac{mg}{cos}(theta) (always greater than mg)

Radius of circle: r = L*sin(theta)

Height below support: h = Lcos(theta), so TpT_p = 2pi*sqrthg\frac{h}{g} — depends only on the height, not L or theta independently.

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