Part of JPC-03 — Electrochemistry: Nernst, Conductance & Cells

Conductance, Conductivity, and Molar Conductivity

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Conductance G = 1/R (Siemens). Conductivity kappa = G * lA\frac{l}{A} = G * cell constant. Molar conductivity LambdamLambda_m = kappa * 1000/C (C in mol/L, giving units S.cm2cm^2/mol). For strong electrolytes: LambdamLambda_m increases slightly with dilution and approaches Lambda_m_{infinity} linearly (Debye-Huckel-Onsager equation: LambdamLambda_m = Lambda_m_{infinity} - A*sqrt(C)). For weak electrolytes: LambdamLambda_m increases sharply at high dilution as dissociation increases. Lambda_m_{infinity} cannot be obtained by extrapolation for weak electrolytes — use Kohlrausch's law instead. Key: kappa decreases with dilution (fewer ions per unit volume), but LambdamLambda_m increases with dilution (more dissociation per mole of solute).

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