| Alkenes (OC-02) → Haloalkanes via HX addition | Addition of HX to alkene (Markovnikov) gives haloalkane. Addition with peroxide (anti-Markovnikov) | Synthesis planning: both directions — haloalkane → alkene (E2) and alkene → haloalkane (HX addition) |
| Haloalkanes → Alcohols (SN2 with OH-) | Primary haloalkanes + NaOH(aq) → alcohols via SN2 | Product prediction: 1° R-X + aq.NaOH → 1° ROH (SN2, inversion) |
| Grignard Reagents → Alcohols | R-X + Mg → RMgX → + RCHO → alcohol after workup | Chain extension synthesis; very common NEET synthesis question |
| Haloarenes → Phenols (Dow Process) | ArCl + NaOH (harsh) → ArOH — nucleophilic aromatic substitution | Bridges haloarene chemistry to phenol chemistry |
| C-X bond polarity → Chemical Bonding | Bond polarity (electronegativity difference), dipole moment of C-X | Polarity direction (C^δ+ → X^δ-), bond character in Ar-X vs R-X |
| Reaction kinetics → Rate Laws | First vs second-order kinetics for SN1 vs SN2 | Kinetics chapter: Rate = k[A]^n[B]^m; identifying mechanism from rate data |
| Elimination → Alkene stability | E2/E1 give alkenes; Saytzeff rule uses alkene stability | Alkene stability (hyperconjugation, substitution) directly determines which E product dominates |
| Resonance (aromatic) → Haloarene reactivity | p-π conjugation reduces reactivity of Ar-X | Resonance theory from chemical bonding — applied directly to haloarene reactivity |